Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Typically straight but often interlocked or wavy with a medium to fine texture; shows subtle cathedral patterns when flat-sawn.
Color Description
Naturally a reddish-brown to yellowish-olive; however, this sample has turned a silvery-gray patina due to UV exposure. Some original dark brown tones are visible in the gaps.
Hardness Rating
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot, decay, and insect attacks (termites). Often rated for 25+ years in outdoor contact.
Common Uses
Exterior decking, boardwalks, luxury outdoor furniture, tool handles, flooring, and marine construction.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$15.00 - $25.00 per board foot; typically sold by linear foot for decking (approx. $5.00-$8.00/lin. ft).
Wood Age Estimate
Based on the heavy silvering/oxidation and surface checking, the installation is likely 3 to 7 years old without recent oiling.
Sustainability Status
Listed in CITES Appendix II (as of late 2024); IUCN Red List notes some species as vulnerable; FSC certification is available but adds cost.
Workability
Extremely difficult to work due to density; has a severe dulling effect on cutting edges. Requires carbide-tipped tools and pre-drilling for all fasteners.
Notable Features
Extremely heavy (sinks in water); contains lapachol dust which can be a skin/respiratory irritant; has a Class A fire rating similar to concrete and steel.
Finish Recommendations
Requires specialized penetrating oils (like Penofin or Messmer's) designed for dense hardwoods. Standard paints and film-finishes will fail/peel.
Identification Confidence
High; the distinctive weathering pattern, tight grain, and extreme density indicators in the board gaps are characteristic of Ipe decking.