White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Principally straight-grained with a coarse, uneven texture. The end grain shows prominent large pores in the earlywood and latewood pores arranged in radial rows. This specific cut shows a flat-sawn profile with distinct growth ring curvature.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with an olive cast. Sapwood is a lighter off-white to cream color. The sample shows significant darkening or 'patina' on the exterior due to oxidation and age, likely turning deeper brown/gray over time.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Exceptional resistance to rot and decay due to the presence of tyloses in the heartwood pores which make it nearly liquid-impermeable.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, cooperage (wine and whiskey barrels), and exterior millwork.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
Approximately $6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
Estimated 20-40 years. The deep oxidation on the surface and the presence of a rusted square-head or weathered screw suggest this is reclaimed lumber or part of an older structure.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Generally regarded as very sustainable and widely available.
Workability
Relatively easy to work with machine and hand tools, though it has a high shrinkage rate. It responds well to steam bending. Due to high tannin content, it will react (turn black) if in contact with iron and moisture.
Notable Features
Distinctive 'tallow' or 'oak-like' scent when cut. Contains high levels of tannins. Is one of the few woods that can be used for tight cooperage because its pores are plugged with tyloses.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains and finishes well. Penetrating oils or polyurethane are recommended for durability. Caution is needed as tannin pull can occur with water-based finishes.
Identification Confidence
High. The visible end-grain pore structure, clearly defined growth rings, characteristic olive-brown heartwood, and the specific way it has weathered are classic indicators of White Oak.