White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Coarse, straight grain; display showing flat-sawn cathedral patterns on the left and transition to rift-sawn orientation on the right. Large, open pores visible.
Color Description
Medium golden-brown heartwood with a slightly olive cast. Sapwood is typically light tan. Shows moderate darkening/ambering over time especially under oil-based finishes.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Durable to Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay due to tyloses in heartwood pores; good insect resistance.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boatbuilding, barrels (cooperage), and interior trim.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 to $10.00 per board foot depending on cut and grade.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern era (10-30 years); evidence of modern surfacing and finish with surface indentations suggesting a utilitarian piece of furniture.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and sustainably managed; FSC certification common.
Workability
Generally easy to work with machine and hand tools, though it has a high shrinkage rate. Responds well to steam bending. Glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when worked; high tannin content can cause dark staining when in contact with iron and moisture; contains tyloses which make the wood waterproof.
Finish Recommendations
Polyurethane or lacquer for durability; oil-based finishes enhance the golden hue. Accepts stains well, though large pores may require a filler for a glass-smooth surface.
Identification Confidence
High; the prominent cathedral grain, visible open pore structure, and characteristic golden-brown hue with olive undertones are diagnostic of White Oak.