White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Coarse-textured with straight grain and prominent growth rings. Visible tyloses in the pores and large medullary rays characteristic of quarter-sawn surfaces are present.
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood, often with an olive cast. Sapwood is nearly white to light brown. Finishes to a warm honey-gold and tends to darken slightly with age and UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Highly resistant to rot and decay due to closed cellular structure (tyloses), making it suitable for water-contact applications.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, wine barrels (cooperage), tool handles, and heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
Freshly cut/Modern (under 1 year). The light color, lack of deep oxidation, and visible rough-sawn fibers suggest recent processing.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN). Widely available with FSC certification. Generally considered very sustainable due to robust forest management and abundance.
Workability
Excellent results with hand and machine tools. Responds well to steam bending. Requires pre-drilling for screws and reacts with iron (staining) when wet due to high tannin content.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when cut. High tannin content makes it ideal for fuming with ammonia. Porous structure is uniquely blocked by tyloses, making it liquid-tight.
Finish Recommendations
Polyurethane, oil, or lacquer all work well. For a traditional look, shellac or wax is recommended. Ensure iron-free tools are used to prevent blue-black staining.
Identification Confidence
High. The distinct large pores filled with tyloses, visible medullary rays on the end grain, and characteristic light-brown color are definitive markers of the White Oak group.