Heart Pine (Longleaf Pine)
Pinus palustris • Softwood (Conifer)
Grain Pattern
Straight but often wavy near knots; features distinct, dense cathedral patterns in flat-sawn sections with very tight growth rings indicating old-growth origin.
Color Description
Deep reddish-brown to orange-gold heartwood with thin, lighter yellowish sapwood. It darkens significantly with age and light exposure, developing a rich, oily patina.
Hardness Rating
1,225 lbf (Hard for a softwood)
Durability Rating
Moderately Durable; high resin content provides excellent resistance to rot and decay, though it is susceptible to some insect attacks.
Common Uses
Flooring, heavy timber construction, cabinetry, paneling, and historical restoration projects.
Geographic Origin
Southeastern United States (Coastal Plain from Virginia to Texas).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $18.00 per board foot (Reclaimed heart pine and high-grade old growth command premium prices).
Wood Age Estimate
80-120 years based on the tight growth rings, deep oxidation (ambering), and historical millwork style.
Sustainability Status
Not CITES listed; however, old-growth Longleaf Pine forests are nearly extinct (less than 3% remain). Most high-quality material is now reclaimed.
Workability
Generally easy to work with tools, but the high resin content can clog sandpaper and saw blades. Hand planing can be difficult around knots due to density differences.
Notable Features
Distinctive resinous/turpentine scent when cut; very high density and strength-to-weight ratio; high resin content leads to a naturally lustrous finish.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based polyurethane or tung oil are recommended to highlight the deep amber tones. Do not use water-based finishes without a sealer as tannins and oils may bleed.
Identification Confidence
High; the tight growth rings, distinct dark latewood bands, reddish-orange heartwood, and characteristic knot structure are definitive for old-growth Heart Pine.