Iroko
Milicia excelsa • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Interlocked grain with a medium to coarse texture. Visible vessel openings on the diagonal cut surface indicate an open-pored structure typical of tropical hardwoods.
Color Description
Initial yellow to light brown heartwood that darkens to a richer medium-to-dark golden brown over time. Pale yellow sapwood is clearly demarcated. Exhibits slight chatoyance.
Hardness Rating
1,260 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Highly resistant to rot and insect attack; often used as a more affordable substitute for Teak in outdoor applications.
Common Uses
Veneer, flooring, boat building, outdoor furniture, cabinetry, and turnery.
Geographic Origin
Tropical Africa (West and East Africa)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $15.00 per board foot depending on thickness and region.
Wood Age Estimate
Freshly cut or recently milled (less than 1 year). The visible yellow-brown hue and rough bandsaw marks suggest recent processing without significant UV-induced darkening.
Sustainability Status
Listed on the IUCN Red List as Near Threatened; not currently CITES regulated but requires careful sourcing for FSC certification.
Workability
Generally works well but interlocked grain can cause teaout during planing. High mineral content (calcium carbonate deposits) can dull cutting edges rapidly.
Notable Features
Lacks a distinctive odor when seasoned; dust is a known sensitizer and can cause respiratory irritation. Excellent stability once dried.
Finish Recommendations
Responds well to most finishes. Lacquer and polyurethane are common, but for outdoor use, teak oil is recommended to maintain color.
Identification Confidence
Medium. The golden-brown hue, large open pores, and the presence of dark streaks (likely mineral stains or drying stresses) strongly align with Milicia excelsa.