Black Walnut
Juglans nigra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually straight but can be irregular; features a medium texture with open pores. This sample shows a straight-to-slightly-wavy grain with some darker mineral streaks or latewood transitions visible.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from a lighter pale brown to a dark chocolate brown with even darker streaks. Sapwood is typically pale yellow-gray to nearly white. Over time, Black Walnut tends to lighten toward a more golden-brown color when exposed to UV light.
Hardness Rating
1,010 lbf (Medium)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; highly resistant to heartwood decay, though sapwood is susceptible to insect attack.
Common Uses
High-end furniture, cabinetry, gunstocks, interior trim, flooring, veneer, and turned objects.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $18.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
The sample appears modern but raw, likely processed within the last 5-10 years, showing minimal oxidation or patina from extreme age.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC options.
Workability
Generally easy to work with both hand and machine tools. It planes smoothly, glues well, and takes stains and finishes excellently. It can occasionally exhibit tearout if the grain is figured.
Notable Features
Distinctive mild, sweet odor when being worked. Known for its excellent dimensional stability and shock resistance.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based finishes (like Danish oil or Tung oil) are highly recommended to enhance the deep chocolate tones. Polyurethane or lacquer also work well for durability.
Identification Confidence
Medium-High; the characteristic chocolate-brown hue, open-pored texture, and specific grain structure are highly indicative of Juglans nigra, although some tropical species like Peruvian Walnut can look similar.