White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain with a medium to large pore structure. Visible cathedral figuring in the center of the flat-sawn face transition.
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood, often with an olive cast. Sapwood is light off-white to light brown. Darkens slightly to a more golden-brown over time with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Excellent decay resistance; heartwood contains tylose which makes the pores water-tight and resistant to rot.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boatbuilding, barrels (cooperage), interior trim, and heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and region.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern stock; approximately 1-5 years post-milling based on the clean surface and lack of significant oxidation or patina.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC availability.
Workability
Commonly works well with hand and machine tools. Responds well to steam bending. Glues, stains, and finishes well, though it can react with iron-based fasteners to cause blue-black staining.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when cut. High tannin content makes it susceptible to iron staining; highly sought after for its liquid-tight properties due to tyloses.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based finishes highlight the grain well; polyurethane or lacquer for durability. Accepts stains very well, though the large pores may require a grain filler for a glass-smooth finish.
Identification Confidence
High; the characteristic pore structure, color, grain texture, and ray fleck hints are consistent with Quercus alba.