White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, with a coarse and uneven texture. This end-grain view shows distinct growth rings and large, tyloses-clogged pores characteristic of a flat-sawn or rift-sawn board.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with an olive cast. Sapwood is light tan to nearly white. This sample shows a muted, grayish-tan tone typical of dried, unfinished oak which darkens to a golden brown over time.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay. Historically used for barrels and boat building due to tyloses in the pores making the wood water-tight.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, barrel making (cooperage), boat building, and interior trim.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
The rough-sawn edge and minimal oxidation suggest the sample is relatively modern (1-5 years post-processing) and has been stored in a dry environment.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and frequently FSC certified as it is not listed on CITES appendices.
Workability
Produces good results with hand and machine tools. Has a moderately high shrinkage rate, so dimensional stability can be an issue. Reacts with iron (turning blue/black) if the wood is wet.
Notable Features
Characteristic tannic smell when cut. Large rays are visible on the radial surface (ray fleck). High tannin content makes it suitable for fuming with ammonia.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains and finishes well, though large pores may require a grain filler for a smooth glass-like finish. Penetrating oils highlight the grain beautifully.
Identification Confidence
High; the end-grain pore structure, visible growth rings, color, and texture are quintessential characteristics of the White Oak group.