White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight and open grain with a medium to coarse texture; visible cathedral figure in flat-sawn areas and distinct tyloses in the pores.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with an olive cast. Sapwood is light-colored, off-white to cream. It develops a deeper amber patina over time.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay due to tyloses that plug the vessels, making it liquid-tight.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boatbuilding, barrels (cooperage), trim, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 – $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and cut.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern stock (less than 5 years) based on clean surface, minimal oxidation, and fresh machine marks.
Sustainability Status
Sustainable; widespread across its native range and not listed on CITES Appendices or the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Workability
Generally works well with hand and machine tools, though it has a high shrinkage rate. Responds well to steam bending. Reacts with iron fasteners to cause staining.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when cut; high tannin content can cause dark staining when in contact with iron and water. Known for its strength and rot resistance.
Finish Recommendations
Sanding to 220 grit; takes stains and finishes well. Polyurethane or oil-based finishes are recommended to highlight the grain. Shellac is also effective.
Identification Confidence
High; the visible grain structure, light tan to olive hue, and characteristic pore arrangement are diagnostic of the White Oak group.