Iroko (African Teak)
Milicia excelsa • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Interlocked grain with a medium to coarse texture; features a natural ribbon-stripe figure when quarter-sawn. Growth rings are somewhat indistinct with large open pores.
Color Description
Heartwood is typically a golden to medium brown, often resembling Teak. Sapwood is yellowish-white. It exhibits significant darkening upon exposure to light and oxygen, turning a deep walnut brown over time.
Hardness Rating
1,260 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Excellent resistance to rot, termites, and wood-boring insects. Frequently used as a Teak substitute in exterior applications.
Common Uses
Outdoor furniture, boat building, flooring, cabinetry, veneer, turned objects, and heavy construction (piles/decking).
Geographic Origin
Tropical Africa (West to East regions including Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Nigeria).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $15.00 per board foot
Wood Age Estimate
Based on the oxidation level and golden-brown hue, this sample appears to be freshly surfaced or relatively young (less than 5 years since milling), as it has not yet reached a deep chocolate brown patina.
Sustainability Status
IUCN Red List: Lower Risk/near threatened. Not CITES listed but population is under pressure. FSC certified sources available but sometimes limited.
Workability
Generally works well with machines, though interlocked grain can cause tearout during planing. Significant silica content can dull cutting edges quickly. Glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Often referred to as African Teak despite not being a true Teak; known for being very stable once dry. Dust can be a sensitizer/irritant to skin and respiratory tract.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oils (Teak or Danish oil) are best for outdoor use; polyurethane or lacquer for indoor furniture. Due to natural oils, wiping with solvent before gluing is recommended.
Identification Confidence
High. The large vessel pores, distinctive golden-brown luster, and tight interlocked grain patterns are hallmark characteristics of Milicia excelsa.