Red Oak
Quercus rubra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Prominent, open-pored grain with a mixture of straight and cathedral patterns. The sample shown depicts a flat-sawn appearance with coarse texture typical of the Quercus genus.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with a reddish cast or hue. Sapwood is light brown to white. This sample shows a warm, amber-toned finish that likely emphasizes the natural red undertones; it typically darkens slightly toward a more golden-brown over time.
Hardness Rating
1,290 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Slightly durable to non-durable; poor resistance to decay and insects. Not recommended for exterior use without treatment due to its open-pore structure (unlike White Oak).
Common Uses
Cabinetry, furniture, interior trim, flooring, paneling, and veneer.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern United States and Southeastern Canada.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$4.00 - $7.00 per board foot for select grade lumber.
Wood Age Estimate
The sample appears to be from modern millwork (late 20th century to present), likely 20-40 years old based on the yellowing/ambering of the surface finish and the construction style of the paneling.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC certification common.
Workability
Generally easy to work with both hand and machine tools. It has moderate shrinkage and responds well to steam bending. The open pores can occasionally lead to splintering or tearout if tools are not sharp, but it glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Distinctive 'oaky' scent when being worked. High tannin content can cause blue-black staining if it comes into contact with iron and moisture. Large, open pores are visible to the naked eye.
Finish Recommendations
Accepts stains very well due to open grain. To achieve a smooth surface, a grain filler is often used. Polyurethane or lacquer is recommended for durability in cabinetry applications.
Identification Confidence
High. The large earlywood pores, characteristic reddish-brown hue, and specific cathedral grain pattern are quintessential markers of Red Oak in domestic millwork.