Hard Maple (also known as Sugar Maple)
Acer saccharum • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight and fine with a closed, uniform texture. This sample displays a flat-sawn cathedral pattern in the center with subtle wavy figure and some minor mineral streaking.
Color Description
Predominantly creamy white sapwood with a subtle golden luster. The sample shows typical light grayish mineral staining and will age to a more distinct golden-amber hue over time with light exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,450 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Non-durable to Slightly Durable; susceptible to insect attack and rot if exposed to moisture.
Common Uses
Flooring (basketball courts, bowling alleys), cabinetry, fine furniture, musical instruments (piano hand-blocks, guitar necks), cutting boards, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern North America, primarily the Great Lakes region and Eastern Canada.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 to $9.00 per board foot depending on region and grade.
Wood Age Estimate
Relatively fresh milled material; modern commercial surfacing (S4S) with minimal oxidation or wear, likely processed within the last 1-2 years.
Sustainability Status
Not listed on CITES Appendices or the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC certification common.
Workability
Fairly easy to work with machine tools, though it has a high density that can cause burning with dull bits. Turns, glues, and finishes well, though it can be difficult to stain evenly without a pre-conditioner.
Notable Features
Known for its exceptional abrasion resistance and 'sweet' scent when being machined. High sugar content in the sap can lead to 'sugar streaks' or mineral spots, as seen in the sample.
Finish Recommendations
Water-based polyurethanes help maintain the bright white color; oils and solvent-based lacquers will highlight the figure but cause yellowing over time. Pre-sealing is recommended if staining.
Identification Confidence
High; the tight, closed grain, creamy color palette with characteristic gray-brown mineral streaks, and subtle cathedral figure are definitive markers for Acer saccharum.