Douglas Fir
Pseudotsuga menziesii • Softwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight or slightly wavy with a medium to coarse texture; features distinctive cathedral patterns in flat-sawn sections and prominent growth rings with a sharp transition between earlywood and latewood. Presence of small, tight knots as seen in the sample.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from light brown to a reddish-tan shade; sapwood is a paler yellowish-white. The wood has a moderate natural luster and darkens to a more pronounced reddish-orange with age and UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
660 lbf (Soft)
Durability Rating
Moderately Durable; offers some resistance to decay but is susceptible to insect attack. Performs better than many other softwoods in outdoor structural applications.
Common Uses
Structural framing, heavy construction (beams/posts), flooring, cabinetry, interior trim, veneer, and boat building.
Geographic Origin
Western North America (Pacific Northwest, Rocky Mountains) and widely planted in Europe and New Zealand.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$1.50 - $4.00 per board foot depending on grade (Select vs. Construction grade).
Wood Age Estimate
Fresh to several months old; the wood lacks heavy oxidation or deep amber patina associated with reclaimed or historic lumber.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and FSC certified sources are common. Not listed in CITES appendices.
Workability
Generally works well with hand and machine tools, though it can be prone to splintering or tearing. It holds screws and nails well but can exhibit 'flat-grain' shelling. Takes stains and finishes moderately well, though a sealer is recommended to prevent blotching.
Notable Features
Features a distinct, resinous, and sweet scent when being worked. Known for having one of the highest strength-to-weight ratios among softwoods.
Finish Recommendations
Responds well to clear coats, polyurethane, and penetrating oils. Best results are achieved using a pre-stain wood conditioner to manage the high density difference between growth rings.
Identification Confidence
High. The prominent growth ring contrast, color, knot structure, and typical commercial dimensioning are characteristic of Douglas Fir.