White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain with a characteristic cathedral pattern visible in the flat-sawn center. Features prominent medullary rays and long, open pores typical of the Quercus genus.
Color Description
Light to medium brown with an olive cast. Sapwood is light tan to nearly white. This sample shows significant gray/black fungal staining (spalting/mineral streaks) and oxidation from exposure. Heartwood tends to darken slightly over time.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. High tannin content provides excellent resistance to rot and decay; widely used for exterior applications and boat building.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, barrel making (cooperage), boat building, interior trim, and heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$5.00 - $8.00 per board foot depending on grade and region.
Wood Age Estimate
Recently milled secondary growth, likely stored in a damp environment for 6-12 months as evidenced by the surface oxidation and gray fungal staining/water marks.
Sustainability Status
Not listed on CITES or IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC certification common.
Workability
Produces good results with hand and machine tools. Has a moderate dulling effect on cutters. Glues, stains, and finishes well. Responds well to steam bending.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when worked. High tannin content can cause dark staining if the wood comes into contact with iron in wet conditions. Exceptional rot resistance compared to Red Oak due to tyloses in pores.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oils or polyurethane to highlight grain. Due to large pores, a grain filler may be used for a smooth glass-like finish. Avoid water-based finishes without a sealer to prevent tannin pull.
Identification Confidence
High. The pore structure, visible medullary rays, and the specific olive-brown hue combined with the characteristic gray mineral staining are diagnostic for White Oak.