White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain with a characteristically uneven texture; this sample shows a flat-sawn cathedral-like pattern with large, open pores visible in the latewood.
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood with a distinctive olive cast; sapwood is off-white to light brown. It tends to darken slightly over time to a more golden brown.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay due to the presence of tyloses which plug the vascular vessels, making it nearly liquid-tight.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, barrels (cooperage), trim, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and region.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern lumber, likely processed within the last 1-5 years based on the lack of oxidation and sharp, machine-milled edges.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available with FSC certification.
Workability
Produces good results with hand and machine tools, though it has a moderately high shrinkage rate. Responds well to steam bending. Glues, stains, and finishes well.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when worked; high tannin content can cause blue-black staining if in contact with iron and moisture.
Finish Recommendations
Takes all finishes well; polyurethane or oil-based finishes are recommended to highlight the grain. Sanding to 220 grit is usually sufficient.
Identification Confidence
High; the large open pores, color cast, and grain structure are classic indicators of the White Oak group, distinguishable from Red Oak by the lack of reddish hues.