White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain with a characteristically uneven texture. The sample shows a flat-sawn to slightly rift-sawn orientation with prominent large rays (ray flecks) and occasional small tight knots and burls.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with an olive cast. Sapwood is light-colored and not clearly demarcated from heartwood in this sample. It exhibits low luster and typically yellows or deepens in color slightly with age.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Excellent resistance to rot and decay due to the presence of tyloses which plug the vessels, making it nearly waterproof.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, barrels (cooperage), interior trim, and heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $9.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern lumber, likely harvested within the last 5-10 years based on the lack of deep oxidation or heavy patina.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Widely available with FSC certification.
Workability
Produces good results with hand and machine tools. Has moderately high shrinkage and can be prone to movement. Reacts with iron (especially when wet) and can cause staining/discoloration. Responds well to steam-bending.
Notable Features
Features a distinct, slightly acidic scent when being worked. High tannin content. Notable for tyloses in heartwood pores which differentiate it from Red Oak and provide water resistance.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains and finishes well, although the large open pores may require a grain filler if a perfectly smooth finish is desired. Oil-based finishes enhance the olive tones.
Identification Confidence
High. The prominent large rays, porus grain structure, characteristic olive-brown color, and visible tyloses are classic diagnostic features of the White Oak group.