White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain. The sample shows a flat-sawn or rift-sawn orientation with characteristic long, open pores and visible medullary rays. Texture is uneven.
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood, often with an olive cast. Sapwood is near-white to light brown and not always sharply demarcated. Tends to darken slightly over time to a more golden brown.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Exceptional resistance to decay and rot due to tyloses in the heartwood pores which make it nearly waterproof.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boatbuilding, barrels (cooperage), trim, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
Relatively recent/modern. The sample shows minimal oxidation, no deeper patina from age, and appears to be a freshly milled rough-cut board with modern saw marks.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN). Generally very sustainable; widely available with FSC certification.
Workability
Responds well to machine and hand tools. Has a moderately high shrinkage rate so dimensional stability can be an issue. Glues, stains, and finishes well, though large pores may require filling for a smooth surface.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when worked. High tannin content can cause blue-black staining if the wood comes into contact with iron and moisture.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oils or polyurethane to highlight the grain. If a smooth surface is desired, a grain filler is recommended due to the ring-porous nature of the wood.
Identification Confidence
High. The visible large pores, characteristic light brown/olive color, and distinctive medullary ray flecks visible on the rough surface are classic indicators of Quercus alba.