Sugar Maple
Acer saccharum • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight but can be wavy; the end grain shown displays distinct, close-set growth rings with a fine, even texture and small, diffuse pores.
Color Description
Creamy white to light reddish brown heartwood; sapwood is typically a very pale off-white. This sample shows a warm, light tan patina. It tends to golden or amber over time with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,450 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Slightly durable to non-durable regarding decay resistance; susceptible to insect attack if left untreated in damp conditions.
Common Uses
Flooring (basketball courts/bowling alleys), furniture, cabinetry, cutting boards, musical instruments (piano frames, guitar necks), and billiard cues.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern North America, ranging from central and eastern Canada to the eastern United States.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot for select grade; higher for figured pieces like bird's eye or curly maple.
Wood Age Estimate
The sample appears to be from a relatively young limb or small tree, likely 15-25 years old based on the growth ring count from the pith.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered a sustainable choice with FSC certification common.
Workability
Fairly easy to work with both hand and machine tools, though its high density can cause burning with high-speed cutters (like routers). Glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Often referred to as Hard Maple; known for its excellent crushing strength and abrasion resistance. It has a faint, sweet scent when being worked.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains and dyes well, though can be blotchy—a pre-stain conditioner is recommended. Exceptional results with clear lacquer, polyurethane, or penetrating oils to showcase the natural color.
Identification Confidence
Medium-High; the diffuse-porous end grain structure, tight growth rings, and light coloration are classic indicators of Acer saccharum, though it closely resembles other Acer species.