Black Walnut
Juglans nigra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually straight, but can be irregular or wavy. Round end grain shows distinct growth rings with semi-ring-porous structure.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from a golden brown to a deep chocolate brown with darker streaks. Sapwood is a pale yellowish-gray to nearly white. Color tends to lighten over time with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,010 lbf (Medium)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; highly resistant to heartwood decay, though sapwood is susceptible to insect attack.
Common Uses
High-end furniture, cabinetry, gunstocks, interior trim, flooring, veneer, and turned objects.
Geographic Origin
Eastern United States and Southern Ontario, Canada.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
Approximately $12.00 - $18.00 per board foot for high-grade kiln-dried lumber.
Wood Age Estimate
Based on the growth ring count in the cross-section, the tree was approximately 45-55 years old at the time of harvest.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally managed sustainably.
Workability
Excellent workability with both hand and machine tools. It planes, glues, and finishes exceptionally well, though it has a moderate blunting effect on cutters.
Notable Features
Features a distinct, mild Nut-like scent when being worked. Known for its excellent dimensional stability and shock resistance.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based finishes (tung oil or linseed oil) are highly recommended to enhance deep brown tones; clear coat polyurethane or lacquer for durability.
Identification Confidence
High; the deep chocolate heartwood contrast with narrow white sapwood, bark texture, and semi-ring-porous end grain are classic indicators of Juglans nigra.