Pernambuco (Brazilwood)
Paubrasilia echinata • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually straight but can be interlocked; exceptionally fine, uniform texture with high density and minimal figure visible on small polished items like this bow head.
Color Description
Heartwood is a vibrant orange to reddish-brown; it has a high natural luster. It darkens significantly with age and light exposure, often becoming a deep, chocolatey reddish-brown.
Hardness Rating
2,820 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay, though it is rarely used for applications where weathering is a factor due to its rarity.
Common Uses
Exclusively used for high-quality violin, viola, and cello bows; also used historically for red dye and fine inlay work.
Geographic Origin
Atlantic Coastal Forest (Mata Atlântica) of Brazil.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$50 - $100 per board foot for raw stock, though finished bow blanks are significantly more expensive due to trade restrictions.
Wood Age Estimate
Based on the oxidation of the finish and the darkening of the wood beneath, this sample likely dates from the mid-20th century (30-60 years old).
Sustainability Status
CITES Appendix II listed; classified as Endangered by the IUCN. Trade of raw wood is strictly regulated and requires CITES documentation.
Workability
Difficult to work due to extreme density and hardness; can have a blunting effect on tools. However, it turns and finishes exceptionally well, capable of taking a high natural polish.
Notable Features
Famous for its unique acoustic properties and elasticity-to-density ratio, which allows a bow to maintain its curve under tension. Contains 'brasilin' dye.
Finish Recommendations
Traditional French polish (shellac and alcohol) is the industry standard for this species in musical applications to maintain resonance and aesthetic.
Identification Confidence
High; the object is a stringed instrument bow head. Pernambuco has been the gold standard for bow-making since the late 18th century, and the color/texture are diagnostic.