White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain with a prominent cathedral pattern visible in flat-sawn sections; large open pores and distinctive medullary rays (wood rays).
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood, often with an olive cast. Sapwood is slightly lighter. This sample shows significant oxidation and darkening due to age and likely a stained finish.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay due to tyloses in the heartwood which plug the pores.
Common Uses
Flooring, furniture, cabinetry, boatbuilding, barrels (cooperage), and interior millwork.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
6.00 to 12.00 USD per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
40-70 years; based on the heavy oxidation, deep patina in the grain, and signs of surface wear and compression.
Sustainability Status
Highly sustainable; not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available with FSC certification.
Workability
Commonly works well with both hand and machine tools, though it has a high shrinkage rate. Responds well to steam bending. Glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when cut; high tannin content can cause dark stains if it comes into contact with iron in wet conditions.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based stains to highlight the grain, followed by a durable polyurethane or wax. Penetrating oils work exceptionally well with its open-pore structure.
Identification Confidence
High; the large, open-pored grain structure, characteristic ring-porous texture, and visible medullary rays are classic indicators of Quercus species, specifically the white oak group.