Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight to interlocked and wavy; fine-textured with a consistent ribbon-like appearance in some sections
Color Description
Heartwood is typically reddish-brown to dark yellowish-olive, often with blackish-brown streaks. Sapwood is yellowish-white. It has a moderate luster and darkens significantly with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot, termites, and fungal decay; can last 40+ years in exterior use
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, flooring, tool handles, heavy construction, and dock building
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
Approximately $12.00 to $20.00 per board foot (varies by width and grade)
Wood Age Estimate
Modern cut (late 20th to early 21st century); sharp edges and light oxidation suggest a recently milled or well-stored piece
Sustainability Status
Appendix II of CITES (as of 2024); listed as Near Threatened; FSC certification is highly recommended to ensure legal logging
Workability
Difficult due to extreme density; has a high blunting effect on cutters; requires pre-drilling for screws and specialized carbide tooling
Notable Features
Highly dense (sinks in water); contains lapachol dust which can cause skin irritation; naturally fire-resistant (Class A rating)
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based penetrating finish (e.g., Penofin or Ipe Oil) is best; polyurethane and film finishes often peel due to natural oils
Identification Confidence
High; the distinct vessel markings, olive-brown color, and characteristic fine-texture are hallmark identifiers of Ipe.