Black Oak (likely candidate, member of the Red Oak group)
Quercus velutina • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight grain with a coarse, uneven texture. Typical of Red Oak group with prominent latewood pores and visible rays on radial surfaces.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with a reddish cast; sapwood is white to light brown. The wood darkens slightly to a golden-tan over time.
Hardness Rating
1,210 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Slightly durable to Non-durable; poor resistance to decay and highly susceptible to insect attack if left outside.
Common Uses
Firewood (as seen in image), flooring, cabinetry, furniture, interior trim, and pallets.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$2.00 - $4.50 per board foot for rough-sawn lumber; significantly less as firewood.
Wood Age Estimate
Freshly cut to 1 year; the bark is intact with active lichen growth and the exposed wood fibers beneath show minimal oxidation/weathering grey.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and not CITES listed.
Workability
Relatively easy to work with machine tools, though it has moderate blunting effects. Glues, stains, and finishes well. Pre-boring is recommended for nails and screws.
Notable Features
Distinctive blocky, dark, deeply furrowed bark (often described as resembling alligator skin). Acrid smell when green. High tannin content can react with iron to cause black staining.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains and finishes very well due to open pores. Penetrating oils or polyurethane are standard; wood filler may be used if a smooth surface is desired.
Identification Confidence
Medium-High; the 'alligator' scale bark texture and visible large-pored wood structure underneath are classic indicators of the Black Oak/Red Oak group.