White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Coarse, straight grain with prominent rays and large, open pores typical of the Quercus genus. This specific cut shows a flat-sawn or rift-sawn orientation with visible vessel lines.
Color Description
Light to medium brown with an olive cast; sapwood is light tan to near white. Heartwood darkens slightly with age to a more golden-brown hue and has moderate luster.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; highly resistant to rot and decay due to the presence of tyloses in the heartwood pores which make it nearly waterproof.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, barrels (cooperage), and interior trim.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $12.00 per board foot depending on grade and cut.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern sample likely aged between 5-20 years; shows minimal oxidation and retains a fresh, light brown color without deep patina.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern; not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available with FSC certification.
Workability
Excellent results with hand and machine tools, though it has a high shrinkage rate. Responds well to steam bending. Clues and finishes well, although it can react with iron-based fasteners to create blue/black staining.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when worked; high tannin content makes it susceptible to iron staining; contains tyloses which block the vascular tubes and make the wood liquid-tight.
Finish Recommendations
Polyurethane or lacquer for durability; oil-based finishes enhance the depth of the grain; wood filler may be required if a glass-smooth surface is desired due to open grain.
Identification Confidence
High; the visible open-pore structure, characteristic olive-tan color, and specific ray fleck patterns are defining traits of North American White Oak.