White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain with a flat-sawn cathedral pattern visible. Large, open pores and prominent medullary rays are characteristic of this genus.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with an olive cast. Sapwood is a light off-white to cream. It develops a deeper amber patina over time with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Excellent resistance to rot and decay due to the presence of tyloses that plug the vessels, making it water-resistant.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, barrels (cooperage), trim, and heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
Approximately $6.00 to $9.00 per board foot depending on grade and region.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern secondary processed lumber, likely cut within the last 5-10 years based on the lack of deep oxidation and fresh saw marks.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC certification common.
Workability
Commonly easy to work with machine and hand tools. It has a high shrinkage rate, so dimensional stability is a factor. Responds well to steam bending. Glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when worked. High tannin content can cause blue-black staining if the wood comes into contact with iron in wet conditions.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based stains and finishes work best to highlight the grain. Polyurethane, lacquer, or wood wax are highly effective. Avoid water-based finishes without a sealer to prevent tannin pull.
Identification Confidence
High. The visible open-pored grain structure, light tan to olive color, and presence of large medullary rays on the tangential surface are diagnostic of the Quercus genus, specifically the white oak group.