Iroko
Milicia excelsa, Milicia regia • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Interlocked grain which can create a ribbon-shaped figure; the texture is medium to coarse with large open pores. The sample shows faint chatoyance and wavy variations.
Color Description
Heartwood is typically a yellow to golden brown, maturing to a darker teak-like chocolate brown over time. Sapwood is clearly demarcated and pale yellow to white. It has a high natural luster.
Hardness Rating
1,260 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Highly resistant to rot and insect attack; often used as a Teak substitute for outdoor applications.
Common Uses
Exterior joinery, cabinetry, boat building, flooring, furniture, decking, and veneer.
Geographic Origin
Tropical Africa (West and East Africa)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $15.00 per board foot depending on region and grade.
Wood Age Estimate
Freshly milled or recently surfaced stock, likely less than 1 year since being processed, given the bright yellowish-tan color and lack of deep oxidation/browning.
Sustainability Status
Listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List; not currently CITES listed, but availability of certified (FSC) stock is limited.
Workability
Generally works well with machine tools, though the interlocked grain can cause tearout during surfacing. It contains calcium carbonate deposits which can dull cutting edges quickly.
Notable Features
Distinctive 'teak-like' appearance without the oily feel; significant color change upon exposure to light; dust can be an irritant (asthma/dermatitis).
Finish Recommendations
Glass/film finishes work well, but clear oils or urethanes are best to highlight the natural darkening process. Note that calcium deposits may cause white streaks when finished.
Identification Confidence
High; the combination of large vessel pores, golden-yellow hue, interlocked grain, and 'stone' (calcium) markings is characteristic of Milicia species.