Douglas Fir
Pseudotsuga menziesii • Softwood
Grain Pattern
Straight grain with very distinct and prominent latewood growth rings; end grain shows significant contrast between earlywood and latewood. Appearance indicates a flat-sawn cut with visible arching growth rings.
Color Description
Light brown to reddish-brown heartwood with a distinct yellowish/white sapwood. Substantial color contrast between growth rings. Darkens to a more orangey hue with light exposure over time.
Hardness Rating
660 lbf (Soft)
Durability Rating
Moderately Durable; heartwood is resistant to decay but susceptible to insect attack. Strongest of the common softwoods.
Common Uses
Heavy structural lumber, home framing, flooring, veneer, cabinetry, and exterior joinery.
Geographic Origin
Western North America (Pacific Northwest, Rocky Mountains).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$1.50 - $4.00 per board foot depending on grade (Vertical Grain/Clear grades carry a higher premium).
Wood Age Estimate
Relatively modern stock (less than 10 years). The light oxidation and fresh saw marks suggest fairly recent kiln-dried dimensional lumber.
Sustainability Status
Abundant; Not CITES listed. Least Concern on IUCN Red List. Widely available with FSC certification.
Workability
Works well with machine tools but can be abrasive on cutters due to latewood hardness. Prone to splintering and breakout if not supported. Glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Distinctive resinous scent when cut. High strength-to-weight ratio. Sharp contrast between the soft earlywood and very hard latewood rings can cause uneven wear in flooring.
Finish Recommendations
Takes most finishes well; however, a wood conditioner is recommended before staining to prevent blotchiness. Polyurethane or lacquer are common for durability.
Identification Confidence
High; the end grain morphology with sharp, dark latewood transitions, reddish hue, and typical 2x4 dimensional proportions are diagnostic for Douglas Fir.