Douglas Fir
Pseudotsuga menziesii • Softwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight and plain, with a flat-sawn cathedral pattern visible in the growth rings; texture is medium to coarse with a distinct contrast between earlywood and latewood.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from light brown to a reddish-orange hue, while sapwood is yellowish-white. This weathered sample shows significant graying and oxidation (patina) due to UV exposure and environmental moisture.
Hardness Rating
660 lbf (Soft)
Durability Rating
Moderately Durable; resistant to decay but susceptible to insect attack. Its high resin content provides some natural protection against moisture.
Common Uses
Heavy structural lumber, flooring, trim, plywood, boat building, and exterior decking.
Geographic Origin
Western North America, primarily the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountain regions.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$3.00 - $6.00 per board foot (standard grade), though reclaimed material can command higher prices.
Wood Age Estimate
30-50 years; based on the heavy oxidation, deep silver-gray patina, and various mechanical wear marks and abrasions suggesting use in a functional or exterior environment.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and frequently FSC-certified; one of the most sustainably harvested timber species in North America.
Workability
Works well with both hand and machine tools, though it can be prone to splintering and tear-out along the grain. Holds nails and screws well but may require pre-drilling near ends.
Notable Features
Features a distinct resinous scent when freshly cut. It is exceptionally strong for its weight and used extensively in timber framing.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oils or exterior stains are recommended for weathered wood to highlight texture. If used indoors, clear polyurethane or tung oil works well after sanding.
Identification Confidence
Medium-High; identified by the prominent growth ring contrast, the characteristic reddish undertones visible in deep scratches, and the weathering pattern typical of structural softwoods.