Douglas Fir
Pseudotsuga menziesii • Softwood
Grain Pattern
Principally straight with prominent, distinct growth rings showing a sharp contrast between light-colored earlywood and darker, reddish-brown latewood. This sample appears flat-sawn with slight wavy irregularities in ring spacing.
Color Description
Heartwood is typically a light yellowish-to-reddish brown; sapwood is a paler cream color. It exhibits medium luster and tends to darken to a more pronounced reddish-orange patina upon exposure to UV light and aging.
Hardness Rating
660 lbf (Soft)
Durability Rating
Moderately Durable; offers some resistance to decay but is susceptible to insect attack. Performs better than most softwoods in exterior applications but requires treatment for direct ground contact.
Common Uses
Plywood, veneer, structural timber, flooring, joinery, trim work, and heavy construction (bridges, mine props).
Geographic Origin
Western North America, primarily the Pacific Northwest, extending from British Columbia down into California.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$3.00 to $7.00 per board foot depending on grade (Vertical Grain/Clear being most expensive).
Wood Age Estimate
The sample demonstrates a deeper amber-orange patina and surface wear consistent with being part of a structure or furniture piece that is 30 to 50 years old.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and harvested from managed forests. Frequently available with FSC certification.
Workability
Generally easy to work with both hand and machine tools, though the density difference between earlywood and latewood can cause uneven sanding and 'washboarding'. It glues and finishes well but may require a sealer for even staining.
Notable Features
Distinctive resinous scent when cut. Known for one of the highest strength-to-weight ratios among softwoods. Can cause skin irritation or respiratory allergic reactions in some individuals.
Finish Recommendations
Film-forming finishes like polyurethane or lacquer are recommended to protect the soft surface. A pre-stain wood conditioner is advised if using oil-based stains to prevent blotchiness.
Identification Confidence
High; the wide, dark latewood bands and sharp transition between growth rings are classic diagnostic features of North American Douglas Fir.