White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse-textured grain with frequent cathedral patterns. Long rays and large pores are visible even in the rough-cut state.
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood with a slightly olive cast. Sapwood is near-white to light brown. The sample shows significant graying and oxidation due to weathering, typical of tannin-rich woods exposed to moisture.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; known for exceptional rot resistance and impermeability to liquids due to tyloses in the pores.
Common Uses
Flooring, cabinetry, furniture, boatbuilding, barrels (cooperage), and heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $12.00 per board foot depending on grade and widening.
Wood Age Estimate
5-15 years based on the level of surface oxidation, graying, and visible circular saw marks typical of relatively recent rough-milled timber.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and harvested sustainably throughout its range; FSC certified sources common.
Workability
Good results with machine and hand tools. However, it has a high shrinkage rate and can cause significant dulling of cutters. Reacts with iron (turning black) when wet due to high tannin content.
Notable Features
Features a distinct, spicy scent when worked. High tannin content makes it susceptible to iron staining; tyloses make the wood waterproof.
Finish Recommendations
Responds well to oil-based stains and film finishes like polyurethane. Requires thorough sanding due to its coarse texture; can be fumed with ammonia for a dark, traditional Craftsman look.
Identification Confidence
High. The visible large, open pores, prominent medullary rays (even in rough-sawn state), and the specific grayish-tan oxidation pattern are characteristic of the White Oak group.