Hard Maple (Sugar Maple)
Acer saccharum • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Predominantly straight grain with a fine, even texture. Shows some cathedral patterns in flat-sawn boards and occasional slight wavy figure. The grain is closed and tight, characteristic of Acer species.
Color Description
Creamy white to light reddish-brown heartwood with very light-colored sapwood. The sample shows typical ambering and oxidation from age, with some greyish water staining and dark mineral streaks or small knots visible.
Hardness Rating
1,450 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Non-durable; susceptible to insect attack and rot if exposed to moisture, though highly resistant to abrasion and wear.
Common Uses
Residential and commercial flooring (especially basketball courts and bowling alleys), cabinetry, furniture, cutting boards, and musical instruments.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern North America (United States and Canada)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $9.00 per board foot (select grade) for new lumber; flooring typically sells for $4.50 - $12.00 per square foot.
Wood Age Estimate
Estimated 40-70 years old. The narrow strip width (approx. 2.25 inches), presence of oxidation beneath a failing finish, and visible wear patterns suggest a mid-20th century installation.
Sustainability Status
Sustainable; widely available and not listed on CITES Appendices or the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. FSC certification is common.
Workability
Generally good but can be difficult due to high density. Prone to burning when using high-speed machine tools. Glues and finishes well, though it can take stains unevenly (blotching).
Notable Features
High resistance to abrasion and indentation. Neutral scent. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or respiratory issues from the dust. Known for its 'blonde' appearance when freshly sanded.
Finish Recommendations
Water-based polyurethane is recommended to maintain the white color; oil-based polyurethane or tung oil will enhance the amber/golden tones. Sanding to at least 120-150 grit and using a wood conditioner is suggested if staining.
Identification Confidence
High; the combination of narrow-strip flooring format, closed grain structure, light color palette, and specific way the wood wears/oxidizes is classic for Hard Maple.