Sugar Maple (Hard Maple)
Acer saccharum • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight and closed, but can be wavy. Visible medullary rays on the surface and small, even vessel distribution. The sample shows a fine, uniform texture common in flat-sawn Hard Maple.
Color Description
Creamy white to light reddish brown. Sapwood is the primarily used portion (creamy white), while heartwood is darker reddish-brown. The sample exhibits a light, consistent luster that tends to golden or amber slightly with age and light exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,450 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Non-durable to perishable; very susceptible to insect attack and rot if exposed to moisture/ground contact.
Common Uses
Flooring (basketball courts, bowling alleys), furniture, cabinetry, cutting boards, butcher blocks, musical instruments (piano frames, guitar necks), and pool cues.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern North America (United States and Canada)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $9.00 per board foot for select grade
Wood Age Estimate
The sample appears to be modern, likely less than 50 years old, based on the clear, bright color and lack of deep oxidation or heavy wear typically found in antiques.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC certification common.
Workability
Generally easy to work with machine and hand tools, though it has a high density that can cause burning if blades are dull. Sands to a very smooth finish and glues well, although heartwood can resist stain penetration.
Notable Features
Virtually odorless; highly resistant to abrasion and wear; one of the primary sources of maple syrup; known for having a high density that gives it excellent acoustic properties.
Finish Recommendations
Water-based polyurethane is recommended to maintain the white color; oil-based finishes will add a yellow/amber tint. Pre-stain conditioner is suggested if staining to prevent blotchiness.
Identification Confidence
High; the fine grain, characteristic cream color, and subtle pith flecks/medullary rays are definitive markers of North American Hard Maple, commonly used in high-traffic work surfaces like the one pictured.