Sugar Maple (Hard Maple)
Acer saccharum • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight with a fine, even texture. This sample shows a flat-sawn cathedral arc and minor mineral streaking. It may occasionally exhibit bird's eye or curly figure, though not present here.
Color Description
Heartwood is a creamy light reddish-brown, while sapwood (which is most used) is a white to off-white cream color. It has a high natural luster and tends to amber/yellow over time with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,450 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Non-durable to Perishable; susceptible to insect attack and rot if exposed to moisture. Best for indoor use only.
Common Uses
Flooring (sports courts, bowling alleys), furniture, cabinetry, cutting boards, pool cues, musical instruments (piano actions, guitar necks), and woodenware.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern milling; likely 1-5 years post-processing based on lack of significant oxidation and fresh surface texture.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally sustainably managed. FSC certified options are common.
Workability
Fairly easy to work with machine tools but more difficult with hand tools due to its high density. Propensity to burn when using high-speed cutters (routers/bits). Glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Lacks a characteristic odor. Known for excellent abrasion resistance and shock resistance. High sugar content in sap makes it susceptible to fungal staining if not dried quickly.
Finish Recommendations
Water-based polyurethanes help maintain the white color; oils like linseed or tung will cause a significant yellow/amber tint. Pre-conditioning is recommended if staining to avoid blotchiness.
Identification Confidence
High. The creamy color, fine closed-pore structure, and subtle cathedral grain pattern are classic diagnostic features of North American Hard Maple.