Black Walnut
Juglans nigra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
The grain is typically straight with occasional wavy/irregular patterns; this sample shows a flat-sawn cathedral-like arc at the bottom and some mild figure near the sapwood transition.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from light to dark chocolate brown with distinct grayish streaks; sapwood is pale yellowish-white. The wood displays a low to medium natural luster and tends to lighten with age and UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,010 lbf (Medium)
Durability Rating
Highly durable regarding decay resistance, though susceptible to insect attack. It is among the most decay-resistant North American hardwoods.
Common Uses
High-end furniture, cabinetry, veneer, gunstocks, interior trim, flooring, and small specialty wooden objects.
Geographic Origin
Eastern United States and parts of Southern Canada.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $15.00 per board foot for Select/Better grade (price varies by region and width).
Wood Age Estimate
Freshly milled to slightly seasoned; the clear distinction between the bright sapwood and muted heartwood suggests it hasn't undergone significant oxidation or sun-bleaching.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable in North America.
Workability
Excellent workability with both hand and machine tools; glues, stains, and finishes well, though it can occasionally exhibit tearout in areas of irregular grain.
Notable Features
Distinctive mild, spicy scent when being worked; known for its stability and high shock resistance. The dust can be a mild irritant and is toxic to horses.
Finish Recommendations
Polyurethane, Danish oil, or Tung oil are recommended to highlight the depth of the grain. Shellac is also excellent for poping the chatoyance.
Identification Confidence
High; the characteristic grayish-brown heartwood paired with the wide creamy sapwood border and open-pore structure is definitive for American Black Walnut.