Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually interlocked or wavy with a fine, uniform texture; this sample shows weathered straight grain with prominent checking.
Color Description
Heartwood is typically reddish-brown to a yellowish olive-brown; this weathered sample shows a grayish-tan bleached patina and significant surface oxidation.
Hardness Rating
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; extremely resistant to rot, termites, and wood-boring insects; often rated for 25+ years of ground contact.
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, piers, pool surrounds, outdoor furniture, tool handles, and heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (primarily Brazil).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$15.00 – $22.00 per board foot (standard decking dimensions).
Wood Age Estimate
5–10 years of outdoor exposure; the deep surface checks and silvering suggest several seasons of UV and moisture cycles.
Sustainability Status
Listed on CITES Appendix II; IUCN status varies by species from Least Concern to Endangered; FSC certification is highly recommended.
Workability
Difficult to work due to extreme density; has a high blunting effect on cutters. Often requires carbide-tipped tools and pre-drilling for all fasteners.
Notable Features
Extremely heavy and sinks in water; contains lapachol (a yellow dust) that can cause skin irritation; has a Class A fire rating similar to concrete or steel.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oil finishes specifically designed for hardwoods (like Ipe Oil); traditionally left unfinished to weather to a silver-gray.
Identification Confidence
Medium-High; the extremely dense pore structure, characteristic surface checking patterns, and common use in large structural planks/decking are hallmarks of Ipe.