Iroko
Milicia excelsa • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Predominantly interlocked grain producing a ribbon stripe figure on quartersawn surfaces; texture is coarse with large open pores that appear as dark striations.
Color Description
Heartwood is typically a yellow to golden brown, darkening to a darker brown over time. Sapwood is a pale yellow to white. It has a moderate natural luster and significant light-induced oxidation.
Hardness Rating
1,260 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and insect attack, often used as a substitute for Teak in marine applications.
Common Uses
Exterior joinery, boat building, flooring, cabinetry, furniture, and decking.
Geographic Origin
Tropical Africa (spanning from West Africa to East Africa).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $15.00 per board foot.
Wood Age Estimate
20-40 years based on heavy oxidation, buildup of dust/grime, and the weathered silver-grey patina forming on the outer grain fibers.
Sustainability Status
Listed on the IUCN Red List as Near Threatened; not currently CITES regulated but under pressure in native habitats.
Workability
Generally easy to work, though interlocked grain can cause tearout during planing. Contains calcium carbonate deposits which can severely dull tool cutters.
Notable Features
Often called 'African Teak' despite no botanical relation. Characterized by its high oil content and distinct lack of odor compared to true Teak. Dust can be a sensitizer for respiratory issues.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based finishes or clear polyurethanes work well, but the wood's natural oils may require a solvent wipe (denatured alcohol) prior to application to ensure adhesion.
Identification Confidence
Medium-High; the coarse pore structure, interlocked grain pattern, and characteristic golden-to-brown oxidation are classic indicators of African Iroko.