White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight grain with prominent, long medullary rays visible as dark flecks or streaks (ray fleck) typical of quarter-sawn cut.
Color Description
Medium to dark brown heartwood with a cooler, grayish undertone; sapwood is lighter. Visible darkening and heavy patina from age and original shellac/varnish finishes.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay due to tyloses in heartwood pores which make it water-resistant.
Common Uses
Antique furniture, cabinetry, boat building, flooring, and barrels for aging spirits.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot (standard retail); significantly higher for wide, figured planks.
Wood Age Estimate
Estimated 80 to 120 years old based on the Art Deco/Mission style carving, oxidation of the grain, and accumulated grime in recessed areas.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and sustainably managed in North America.
Workability
Hard but works well with both hand and machine tools; however, it has a high shrinkage rate and potential for splintering if tools are not sharp.
Notable Features
High tannin content can react with iron to cause black staining; distinct 'tannic' scent when freshly cut; prominent open pores.
Finish Recommendations
Traditional oil-based stains, shellac, or polyurethane. Pores can be filled for a smooth finish or left open for a rustic texture.
Identification Confidence
High; the combination of very long medullary rays (visible as dark horizontal dashes), ring-porous structure, and age-related oxidation is diagnostic of Quercus species, specifically White Oak.