White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight grain with a coarse, uneven texture. Features prominent 'medullary rays' which appear as long, flakey flecks when quarter-sawn. Large pores are visible in end grain.
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood with an olive cast; sapwood is much lighter in color, ranging from white to light brown. Finishes often darken or yellow slightly over time with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Exceptional resistance to rot and decay due to tyloses in the pores, making it suitable for water-contact applications.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, barrels (cooperage), trim, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on cut and grade
Wood Age Estimate
Modern lumber, likely harvested within the last 5-10 years based on fresh saw marks and lack of deep oxidation or patina.
Sustainability Status
Sustainable; listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. FSC certification is widely available.
Workability
Responds well to machine and hand tools. High tannin content can cause blue/black staining when in contact with iron in wet conditions. Pre-drilling is recommended for screws.
Notable Features
Distinctive 'oaky' scent when being worked. Known for its high chemical resistance and the presence of tyloses which block the flow of liquids through the grain.
Finish Recommendations
Accepts stains and finishes well. Polyurethane or oil-based finishes are common to enhance the natural grain. Best to avoid water-based finishes if iron contamination is suspected.
Identification Confidence
High; the visible large open pores, color variation between sapwood and heartwood, and the specific coarse texture are characteristic of Quercus species, specifically the white oak group.