Douglas Fir
Pseudotsuga menziesii • Softwood
Grain Pattern
Shows a distinct cathedral grain pattern in the center with straight grain along the edges; flat-sawn orientation with conspicuous latewood bands and at least one small tight knot.
Color Description
Heartwood is typically a light reddish-brown to orange-brown. The photo shows significant orange-red hues and high contrast between earlywood and darker latewood; it tends to darken and redden with age upon UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
660 lbf (Soft to Medium-Soft)
Durability Rating
Moderately Durable; offers moderate resistance to rot but is susceptible to insect attack. Strong for its weight but not as durable as Redwood or Cedar for ground contact.
Common Uses
Heavy structural timber, house framing, flooring, cabinetry, interior trim, and exterior millwork.
Geographic Origin
Western North America, primarily the Pacific Northwest (Oregon, Washington, British Columbia).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$3.00 - $5.00 per board foot for select/vertical grain or high-grade clear lumber.
Wood Age Estimate
Contemporary lumber; likely 1-5 years old since being milled based on the sharp edges and lack of deep oxidation or graying.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; widely available in FSC-certified options from managed forests.
Workability
Generally works well with machine tools, though it can be prone to splintering and tearout if tools are not sharp. Holds nails and screws well but may require pre-drilling near ends to prevent splitting.
Notable Features
Distinctive resinous scent when cut; has a very high strength-to-weight ratio; latewood bands are notably hard compared to earlywood, which can cause 'washboarding' during sanding.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains and finishes reasonably well, though a wood conditioner is recommended for even staining. Responds best to polyurethane, lacquer, or penetrating oils.
Identification Confidence
High; the combination of prominent latewood lines, orange-red heartwood color, and cathedral grain figure is characteristic of coast-grown Douglas Fir.