Red Oak
Quercus rubra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Course and porous with a straight grain; visible open vessel elements (pores) and characteristically large medullary rays typical of a flat-sawn or slightly rift-sawn orientation.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with a reddish or pinkish cast. Whitesapwood is usually visible but not distinct here. It typically darkens slightly with age to a more amber tone.
Hardness Rating
1290 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Slightly durable to non-durable; poor decay resistance and susceptible to insect attack if left untreated or exposed to moisture.
Common Uses
Cabinetry, furniture, interior trim, flooring, veneer, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern United States and Southeastern Canada.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$4.00 - $7.00 per board foot depending on grade and region.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern stock, likely less than 5 years old. The surface shows fresh machine marks and a lack of significant oxidation or patina associated with reclaimed or antique lumber.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC certification common.
Workability
Relatively easy to work with hand and machine tools. Responds well to steam bending. Glues, stains, and finishes well, though the large open pores require a grain filler if a smooth surface is desired.
Notable Features
Distinctive 'vinegar' or sour scent when being worked. High tannin content can cause dark stains if the wood comes into contact with iron and moisture. Large, open pores allow air to be blown through short sections.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains very evenly. Polyurethane or lacquer are standard for protection. If a glass-smooth finish is desired, a paste wood filler must be used to level the deep grain.
Identification Confidence
High. The prominent large pores, reddish-brown hue, and visible ray fleck are diagnostic characteristics of Red Oak.