White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain with a flat-sawn cathedral pattern and distinct growth rings; large rays typical of the Quercus genus are visible
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood with a grayish-olive cast; sapwood is slightly lighter. This sample shows surface oxidation and weathering from outdoor exposure, resulting in a silvery-gray patina
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; highly resistant to rot and decay due to tyloses that plug the vessels, making it virtually liquid-tight
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boatbuilding, barrels (cooperage), and outdoor construction
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and region
Wood Age Estimate
Estimated 10-20 years based on surface oxidation, checking (cracks), and weathered patina
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally sustainable
Workability
Good results with hand and machine tools, though it has a high shrinkage rate. Responds well to steam bending. Common issues include reacting with iron fasteners to cause blue/black staining
Notable Features
Characteristic scent when being worked; high tannin content; tyloses in pores make it waterproof; potential for skin irritation or respiratory sensitivity in some individuals
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains and finishes well. For outdoor use, penetrating oils or UV-resistant varnishes are recommended; for indoor use, polyurethane or oil-based finishes highlight the grain
Identification Confidence
High; the distinct ring-porous structure, large rays, grayish-tan color, and cathedral grain pattern are classic diagnostic features of White Oak