Scots Pine (Redwood)
Pinus sylvestris • Softwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight but highly variable around knots; visible 'cathedral' or irregular tracking near the branch inclusion. Features distinct latewood/earlywood contrast resulting in prominent growth ring lines.
Color Description
Medium reddish-brown heartwood with lighter yellowish-white sapwood. This sample shows significant darkening (patina) due to age, oxidation, and possible resin accumulation near the knot.
Hardness Rating
540 lbf (Soft)
Durability Rating
Slightly durable to Non-durable regarding rot resistance. Susceptible to insect attack unless treated.
Common Uses
Construction framing, utility lumber, internal joinery, furniture, flooring, and paneling.
Geographic Origin
Eurasia, widely distributed from Western Europe to Eastern Siberia.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$2.50 - $4.50 per board foot (standard utility grade)
Wood Age Estimate
20-40 years based on deep oxidation, surface wear, and the presence of older-style surface abrasions/cracks.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and frequently FSC certified as it is heavily managed in European forestry.
Workability
Generally easy to work with both hand and machine tools. However, high resin content can gum up blades, and the large knot shown can cause significant tearout or tool deflection.
Notable Features
Distinctive resinous scent when cut; contains 'pitch' or resin pockets near knots. Moderate weight with high strength-to-weight ratio for a softwood.
Finish Recommendations
Takes most finishes well. Due to resin content, a shellac-based sealer (Zinsser BIN) is recommended over knots to prevent 'bleed-through' before applying paint or polyurethane.
Identification Confidence
High; the distinct contrast between earlywood and latewood, the specific morphology of the resinous knot, and the overall color-aging profile are classic indicators of Pinus sylvestris.