Black Walnut
Juglans nigra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually straight, but can be irregular or wavy. This end grain sample shows tight growth rings and cathedral grain development in the radial sections with characteristic ring-porous to semi-ring-porous structure.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from light brown to dark chocolate brown with darker streaks; sometimes has a grey, purple, or reddish cast. Sapwood is pale yellow-gray to nearly white. Wood tends to lighten over time with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,010 lbf (Medium)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; highly resistant to heartwood decay, though susceptible to insect attack (Powderpost beetles).
Common Uses
High-end furniture, cabinetry, gunstocks, interior paneling, veneer, turned objects, and specialty small wood items.
Geographic Origin
Eastern United States and Southern Ontario, Canada.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
Typically $8.00 to $15.00 per board foot depending on width, thickness, and figure; higher for wide, clear slabs.
Wood Age Estimate
The log itself appears to be from a tree at least 40-60 years old based on ring density. The cut surface shows recent oxidation and drying checks, suggesting it was felled within the last 6-12 months.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Generally abundant and well-managed, though Thousand Cankers Disease is a regional concern.
Workability
Generally easy to work with both hand and machine tools. It planes and glues well, takes stains and finishes excellently, and has good dimensional stability.
Notable Features
Distinctive mild, spicy scent when being worked. Contains juglone, which can cause skin irritation or respiratory reactions in sensitive individuals. Highly prized for its depth of color and finishing properties.
Finish Recommendations
Danish oil, tung oil, or polyurethane to enhance depth. Clear coats are preferred to show natural color; often requires a grain filler if a glass-smooth architectural finish is desired.
Identification Confidence
High. The dark chocolate heartwood, distinct creamy sapwood transition, semi-ring-porous end grain, and common presence on a portable sawmill (visible in background) are classic indicators of Juglans nigra.