Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight to interlocked; frequently wavy with a fine to medium texture; often seen with a slightly oily look and medium luster.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from reddish brown to a yellowish olive brown or blackish brown; sapwood is yellowish-white. The sample shows a deep chocolate brown weathered patina with low luster.
Hardness Rating
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; exceptional resistance to decay, termites, and wood-boring insects. Naturally Class A fire-rated.
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, piers, flooring, tool handles, archery bows, and exterior heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $18.00 per board foot (varies by width and length)
Wood Age Estimate
The graying surface and fine silver-grey fibers indicate 1-3 years of outdoor UV exposure without a protective finish.
Sustainability Status
Listed in CITES Appendix II (as of late 2024); categorized as Near Threatened by the IUCN. FSC certification is recommended.
Workability
Difficult due to extreme density and hardness. Provides a severe dulling effect on cutters; drilling of pilot holes is mandatory. Glues well with surface preparation.
Notable Features
Extremely heavy (sinks in water); sawdust can be a skin/respiratory irritant; emits a mild, distinct scent when worked.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oil finishes (specifically for Ipe) are best; film finishes like polyurethane frequently peel due to natural oils.
Identification Confidence
High; the characteristic 'olive-brown' undertones, ultra-fine fibers, and density appearing in the weathered grain are diagnostic of weathered Ipe.