Sugar Maple (Hard Maple)
Acer saccharum • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Typically straight and tight, sometimes wavy. This sample shows a flat-sawn to rift-sawn orientation with a fine, uniform texture.
Color Description
Heartwood is generally a light reddish brown; sapwood (which is the portion primarily used) is a pale, off-white to creamy color with a golden luster. It tends to yellow slightly over time with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,450 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Non-durable to Slightly Durable; susceptible to insect attack and rot if exposed to moisture/ground contact.
Common Uses
Flooring (basketball courts and bowling alleys), musical instruments (guitars and violins), cutting boards, cabinetry, furniture, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America (United States and Canada).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $9.00 per board foot (USD) for Select grade.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern/Recently milled (0-5 years) based on the bright color, lack of significant oxidation, and clean surface finish.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC certification common.
Workability
Good overall but can be difficult due to its high density. Common issues include burning from high-speed cutters and some tearout if grain is figured. Glues and finishes well.
Notable Features
Extremely high abrasion resistance; used for food-safe applications due to closed-grain structure. Generally odorless and non-toxic, though dust can be a respiratory irritant.
Finish Recommendations
Water-based polyurethanes help preserve the white color; wiping oils like Tung or Danish oil will deepen the warm yellow tones. It accepts stains moderately well but can be blotchy without a pre-conditioner.
Identification Confidence
High. The creamy color, tight pore structure, and characteristic visible grain lines are hallmark traits of hard maple.