Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Principally straight to slightly interlocked grain with a fine to medium-uniform texture. Features characteristic yellowish-green 'lapachol' powder in the pores.
Color Description
Heartwood is typically a deep reddish-brown to olive-black, often with lighter or darker streaks. It has a low to moderate luster and darkens significantly upon exposure to light and oxygen.
Hardness Rating
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; exceptional resistance to rot, fungal decay, and termites. Often rated for 25+ years of ground contact.
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, heavy-duty flooring, bridge construction, tool handles, and exterior furniture.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$15.00 - $25.00 per board foot depending on thickness and quality.
Wood Age Estimate
The sample appears to be modern, kiln-dried stock showing minimal oxidation or wear, likely prepared within the last 1-5 years.
Sustainability Status
Appendix II of CITES (as of 2024); Vulnerable according to some regional assessments; FSC certification is highly recommended to ensure legal logging.
Workability
Refractory and difficult to work due to extreme density and hardness. Dulls cutting edges rapidly; requires carbide-tipped tools and pre-drilling for all fasteners.
Notable Features
Extremely dense (sinks in water); contains lapachol dust which can cause skin irritation/dermatitis in sensitive individuals.
Finish Recommendations
Best left unfinished to weather to a silver-gray, or treated with a specialized penetrating oil (like Messmer's or Ipe Oil). Surface film finishes like polyurethane often fail due to natural oils.
Identification Confidence
High; the combination of the deep reddish-olive hue, the specific vessel structure visible in the grain, and the characteristic oily texture are hallmark traits of Ipe.