Red Oak
Quercus rubra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse, and open-grained with prominent cathedral figure patterns when flat-sawn; displays characteristic large, open pores and distinct ray flecks.
Color Description
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, commonly with a reddish cast. Sapwood is white to light brown and not always sharply demarcated from heartwood. Tends to darken slightly over time with amber tones.
Hardness Rating
1290 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Slightly durable to non-durable; poor resistance to rot and insect attack compared to White Oak. Not recommended for exterior use without treatment.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, interior trim, paneling, veneers, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern United States and Southeastern Canada.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
Approximately $4.00 to $7.00 per board foot depending on grade and region.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern cut (likely processed within the last 5-10 years) based on the fresh appearance, lack of deep oxidation/patina, and modern milling marks.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Generally considered very sustainable and widely available with FSC certification.
Workability
Easy to work with both hand and machine tools. Responds well to steam bending. Glues, stains, and finishes well, although its open pores often require a wood filler for a smooth finish.
Notable Features
Distinctive acidic/vinegar-like scent when being worked. High tannin content can cause dark staining if in contact with iron and water. Very porous structure (open tyloses).
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oils, polyurethane, or lacquer. Grain filler is recommended if a glass-smooth surface is desired; takes stains exceptionally well due to open grain.
Identification Confidence
High; the large open pores (vessels) and reddish tint are classic indicators of the Red Oak group (Quercus section Lobatae).