Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually straight but can be irregular or interlocked; fine to medium texture with a low natural luster.
Color Description
Heartwood is typically reddish brown, sometimes with greenish or yellowish hues; sapwood is yellowish white. It darkens significantly with UV exposure to a deep brown or silver-gray if left untreated.
Hardness Rating
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot, decay, and insect attacks (including termites and wood-borers).
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, exterior siding, flooring, tool handles, boat building, and heavy docks.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$15.00 - $25.00 per board foot depending on dimensions and grade.
Wood Age Estimate
Relatively fresh cut or recently surfaced; showing minimal silvering or deep oxidation, likely under 5 years old since processing.
Sustainability Status
Listed in CITES Appendix II as of 2024; currently facing high pressure due to demand; FSC certification is highly recommended for ethical sourcing.
Workability
Extremely difficult to work due to density; has a severe dulling effect on cutting edges. Pre-drilling is mandatory for fasteners; glues reasonably well despite high density.
Notable Features
Exhibits fire resistance similar to concrete and steel (Class A rating); produces a distinct yellow powder (lapachol) when cut which can cause skin irritation.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oil finishes specifically designed for hardwoods (like Ipe Oil); hard-wax oils are also effective. Avoid film-forming finishes like polyurethane which will peel.
Identification Confidence
High; the olive-brown color, extremely tight grain, characteristic coarse texture, and presence of yellow-green vessel deposits are hallmark traits of Ipe.