Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually straight, but can be interlocked or wavy. The texture is fine to medium, often exhibiting a tight, uniform grain visible in the weathered face and end grain of the sample.
Color Description
Fresh heartwood is reddish brown to yellowish olive-brown or blackish. As shown in the image, it weathers to a uniform silvery-gray patina when exposed to UV and moisture without sealer. Low luster when weathered.
Hardness Rating
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Exceptional resistance to rot, fungal decay, and termites; often rated for 25+ years of ground contact.
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, bridges, poolside furniture, marina docks, and heavy-duty external construction.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $18.00 per board foot depending on thickness and width.
Wood Age Estimate
5 to 10 years of outdoor exposure. The deep graying/oxidation and checking at the end grain suggest significant time in a high-UV environment.
Sustainability Status
CITES Appendix II listed as of 2024. Needs FSC certification for verified legal logging due to overharvesting concerns.
Workability
Difficult to work due to extreme density. Very dulling to cutters; pre-drilling is mandatory for all fasteners. Gluing can be difficult due to natural oils.
Notable Features
Sinks in water (very high density). Contains lapachol compounds which can cause skin irritation; emits a distinctive powder-yellow dust when cut.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oil sealers specifically designed for hardwoods (e.g., Ipe Oil) are best. Film-forming finishes like polyurethane will peel; if the gray look is desired, it can be left unfinished.
Identification Confidence
High. The combination of intense density, checking patterns, characteristic graying, and use in a deck-style application with stainless steel fasteners is hallmark for Ipe.